The Use of biochar in the Remediation of Pb, Cd, and Cu-Contaminated Soils. The Impact of biochar Feedstock and Preparation Conditions on Its Remediation Capacity

Soil constitutes an important part of terrestrial ecosystems, prone to be adversely impacted by human activities. During the last decades, several methods have been developed aiming at its remediation, including use biochar as a soil amendment. In present work, we assessed reduction Pb, Cd, and Cu concentrations function mixing ratio added soil, well source employed. Furthermore, investigated effects addition relating chemical forms heavy metals (HMs) related their bioavailability mobility. The HMs were determined BCR (European Community Bureau Reference) sequential extraction procedure before after soils. Five types used, obtained by-products sugarcane bagasse (?), bamboo (??), rice straw (RSB), garden waste (GB), paulownia (PB) treatment, respectively. Biochar derived from (B) reduced availability metals, it decreased concentration in acid extractable fraction, 40.5, 66.6, 50% for Cu, addition, application increased residual fraction Pb 9% 24.8%, residues (GB) plant dramatically Cd over 97%, minimizing availability. Sugarcane-derived appeared significantly increase decrease available concentration. Similar changes are caused following order: > wastes straw. redistribution HM causes significant improvement environmental quality polluted soils, limits mobility toxic ecosystem. is low-cost eco-friendly method remediation contaminated with soils framework circular economy.